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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">AJA</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arab J. Admin.</journal-id>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1110-5453</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2663-4473</issn>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>The Arab Journal of Administration</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>League of Arab States, Arab Administrative Development Organization</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>Cairo, Egypt</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21608/aja.2023.208624.1437</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">876</article-id>
      <self-uri content-type="html" xlink:href="https://ajajournal.org/aja/article/view/876"/>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Purchase Decision through Customer Experience: An Empirical Study on Skin and Hair Care Products in Egypt</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gad</surname>
            <given-names>Khaled</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff xlink:href="#aff1"/>
          <email>khaled.gad@aast.edu</email>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution>Associate Professor, The Arab Academy for Science and Technology &amp; Maritime Transport</institution>
        <addr-line>Alexandria</addr-line>
        <country country="EG">Egypt</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <volume>46</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>329</fpage>
      <lpage>342</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>The primary objective of this study is to conduct an empirical examination of the relation between Social Media Marketing (SMM) and purchase decisions, while also considering the mediating influence of customer experience within the context of Egyptian skin and hair care products. The objectives of this study are as follows: to explore the relation between social media marketing (SMM) and consumers’ purchase decisions, to analyse the relation between SMM and customers’ overall experience, to assess the impact of customers’ experience on their purchase decisions, to investigate the moderating role of social platforms in the relationship between SMM and purchase decisions, and lastly, to examine the mediating role of customers’ experience in the relationship between SMM and purchase decisions. The data gathered in this study was obtained via a survey consisting of 390 valid replies. The data was examined using the Structural Equation Modelling approach (SEM). The main findings derived from this study indicate that there is a statistically significant direct relation between social media marketing (SMM) and purchase decision. Additionally, the study reveals a statistically significant direct relation between SMM and customer experience, as well as between customer experience and purchase decision. The findings of the study reveal that the customer experience has a partial mediating role in the relation between social media marketing (SMM) and purchase decision.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>SMM</kwd>
        <kwd>Purchase Decision</kwd>
        <kwd>Customer Experience</kwd>
        <kwd>Skin and Hair Care Products</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Multiple online media channels have emerged in recent years to promote a company’s products and inspire customers to make purchasing choices. These channels emerged as a consequence of advancements in information and communication technologies. Later research on social media marketing activities demonstrated that creating social connections via online platforms is recognized as an emerging strategy for advertising and reaching large audiences. Several social media platforms have emerged, prompting marketing practitioners to use them for engaging, communicating, and working with their social clients. Rapid improvements in internet and information technologies have presented business practitioners with options for reaching their consumers and reinforcing their brand values. In light of its importance in influencing customer purchasing behavior, the use of social media for communicating and marketing new goods or services has grown. Social media platforms provide a way for people to engage and communicate, making it easier for companies to communicate with customers and provide services like online shopping, product search, and payment. Furthermore, it facilitates the virtual sharing and broadcasting of vast amounts of information among internet users. As the usage of social media platforms expands globally, companies have begun to focus on improving the customer experience via these channels and internet websites in general. Customer experience is a goal-oriented approach that emphasizes creating good behavioral intentions and promoting customer loyalty. The customer’s evaluation of the value of the product or service is influenced by their experience and might significantly impact their purchase decision. Previous empirical research on SMM has focused largely on purchase intention rather than actual purchase behavior, and studies that explore the processes by which SMM may affect purchase decisions are scarce. Accordingly, the present study investigates the relation between SMM and purchase decision through the mediation role of customer experience in skin and hair care products in Egypt.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="lit-review">
      <title>Literature Review</title>
      <sec id="lit-smm">
        <title>Social Media Marketing</title>
        <p>The independent variable is SMM, encompassing perceived relevance, interactivity, entertainment, and informativeness. Companies use visual media to demonstrate products; social media offers platforms for review and two-way communication. Trust is crucial; engagement on social media can increase confidence and purchase likelihood. Social media interactivity enables firms to endorse products and foster positive perceptions, while rapid information diffusion reduces perceived risk. Informativeness and relevance of content drive engagement and influence purchase intentions.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="lit-cx">
        <title>Customer Experience</title>
        <p>Customer experience spans behavioral, cognitive, sensory, affective, and social responses to marketing stimuli. It involves interactions over time across multiple touchpoints (partner-owned, brand-owned, customer-owned). Affective experience influences decision-making; sensory engagement shapes perceptions. Designing experiences aims to deliver high-quality services aligned with expectations, enhancing satisfaction, equity, and relationships.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="lit-pd">
        <title>Purchase Decision</title>
        <p>Purchase decision refers to selecting a product/service among alternatives. Influenced by internal (attitudes, knowledge, personality, lifestyle) and external (culture, class) factors. Increased choice challenges providers to build and maintain relationships. Social media enables engagement, information search, and evaluation before purchase. Platforms facilitate communication at lower cost and allow user-generated reviews and word-of-mouth, impacting others’ decisions.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="lit-link">
        <title>SMM, Customer Experience, and Purchase Decision</title>
        <p>Social media is integral to daily life; retailers invest in online customer experience to convert visitors to buyers. Design elements (visuals, videos) influence sensory and social experience, affecting purchase behavior. Enhanced online experience differentiates brands and can strengthen loyalty. SMM content dissemination shapes engagement quality; customer interactions can yield favorable or unfavorable experiences. Social media data aids experience management. Delivering safe, delightful omnichannel experiences provides competitive advantage and drives loyalty, making each touchpoint critical.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="conceptual-framework">
      <title>Conceptual Framework</title>
      <p>The framework links SMM dimensions (interactivity, entertainment, informativeness, perceived relevance) to customer experience dimensions (peace of mind, moments-of-truth, outcome focus, product/service experience) and to purchase decision, with social platforms as a moderator and customer experience as a mediator.</p>
      <fig id="fig1">
        <label>Figure 1.</label>
        <caption>Conceptual Framework</caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="https://aradorganization-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/rsamir_arado_org/IQChzFz8EVhjQqMd1Wg7ItbFAeGoV8hrgt8apoK8G8ltBeA?e=UYbumn"/>
      </fig>
      <table-wrap id="tab1">
        <label>Table 1.</label>
        <caption>Operational definitions</caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="rows">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>Variables</th>
              <th>Measurement Scale</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>Social Media Marketing (independent)</td>
              <td>Hanaysha (2022) adapted from Alalwan (2018) and Cheung et al. (2020)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Customer Experience (mediator)</td>
              <td>Kumar et al. (2022); Klaus and Maklan (2012)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Purchase Decision (dependent)</td>
              <td>Hanaysha (2018)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </table-wrap>
    </sec>
    <sec id="methodology">
      <title>Research Methodology</title>
      <p>Data were collected via a questionnaire administered through Survey Monkey. Quantitative analysis employed SPSS for descriptive statistics and AMOS for Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="results">
      <title>Results and Findings</title>
      <p>The questionnaire was sent to 700 female respondents; 428 were returned (61.1%). Of these, 38 were unusable (4.8%), and 272 were not reached (38.9%). A total of 390 valid replies were obtained (55.7%). Platform usage: Facebook 47.2%, Instagram 23.1%, YouTube 17.7%, Pinterest 12.1%.</p>
      <p>Measurement model: standardized loadings 0.504–0.922 (α=0.05) indicating convergent validity. AVE exceeded 0.50 for all constructs: Interactivity 0.624, Informativeness 0.739, Entertainment 0.561, Perceived Relevance 0.583, Peace of Mind 0.690, Moments of Truth 0.564, Product Experience 0.596, Outcome Focus 0.575, Purchase Decision 0.750. Composite Reliability (CR): Interactivity 0.869, Informativeness 0.918, Entertainment 0.827, Perceived Relevance 0.846, Peace of Mind 0.930, Outcome Focus 0.844, Moments of Truth 0.837, Product Experience 0.852, Purchase Decision 0.938.</p>
      <p>Confirmatory Factor Analysis (9-factor): DF=1129; χ²/DF=2.369; RMSEA=0.054 (&lt;0.08); TLI=0.922; CFI=0.930.</p>
      <p>Structural model: DF=691; χ²/DF=2.428; RMSEA=0.055; TLI=0.919; CFI=0.924.</p>
      <fig id="fig2">
        <label>Figure 2.</label>
        <caption>Structural Model (Final Result)</caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="https://aradorganization-my.sharepoint.com/:i:/g/personal/rsamir_arado_org/IQANJ1B2BCjdTKCNXFEuv43CAYIxgKtgfV1tdLTZbj-1PAI?e=QIt7by"/>
      </fig>
    </sec>
    <sec id="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>SMM → Customer Experience: β=0.513, CR=4.931, p&lt;0.05. Supports that SMM enhances customer experience, aligning with prior work on social media interactions improving service encounters and relationships.</p>
      <p>SMM → Purchase Decision: β=0.775, CR=13.258, p&lt;0.05. Indicates strong positive effect of SMM on purchase decision, consistent with findings on interactivity, entertainment, relevance, and informativeness driving purchase behavior.</p>
      <p>Customer Experience → Purchase Decision: β=0.394, CR=3.206, p&lt;0.05. Confirms positive influence of experience on purchasing, emphasizing the need to manage online touchpoints.</p>
      <p>Mediation: Customer experience partially mediates SMM → purchase decision (p=0.001). Moderation: Platform differences observed—Instagram showed strongest SMM → purchase decision (β=0.500); YouTube strongest SMM → experience (β=0.919); Pinterest strongest experience → purchase decision (β=0.508).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="limitations">
      <title>Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research</title>
      <p>Context limited to Egyptian skin and hair care products; future studies should include additional developing countries and sectors (including SMEs). Cross-sectional design limits temporal insights; longitudinal studies are recommended. Qualitative methods could enrich understanding of mechanisms.</p>
    </sec>
    <app-group>
      <app id="appendix-questionnaire">
        <title>Questionnaire (extract)</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Demographics</title>
          <list list-type="bullet">
            <list-item><p>Age: &lt;30; 31–40; 41–50; &gt;50</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>Educational level: High school or below; Bachelor; Master/PhD</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>Experience with skin and hair care products: ≤5 years; 5–10; 10–15; ≥15</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>Most-used platform: Facebook; YouTube; Instagram; Pinterest</p></list-item>
          </list>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Social Media Marketing</title>
          <sec>
            <title>Interactivity</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>SMM gathers customers’ feedback.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM encourages customers to offer feedback.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM makes me feel it wants to listen to customers.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM facilitates two-way communication between customers and firms.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Informativeness</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>SMM is a good, relevant source of product information.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM provides timely information.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM is a good source of up-to-date product information.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM is a convenient source of product information.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Entertainment</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>Content on my products’ social media is interesting.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>It is exciting to use my products’ social media.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>It is fun to collect information through my products’ social media.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>It is easy to kill time using my products’ social media.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Perceived Relevance</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>SMM means a lot to me.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM fits my interests.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>SMM fits my preferences.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Overall, SMM fits me.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Customer Experience</title>
          <sec>
            <title>Peace of mind</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>I am confident in their expertise; they know what they are doing.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>The whole process was easy; they took care of everything.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>This provider will look after me for a long time.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>They know me and take good care of me.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Having dealt with them before makes getting service easy.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Moments of truth</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>Flexibility and looking out for my needs are important.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Keeping me up to date about new options is important.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Staff should listen, be polite, and make me comfortable.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>How they handle problems decides if I stay.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Outcome focus</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>I prefer to stay with my provider; it makes the process easier.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Getting the service was more important than shopping for a better rate.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>I stay because I am not confident about alternatives.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>It mattered that my account manager had similar products/services.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
          <sec>
            <title>Product experience</title>
            <list list-type="bullet">
              <list-item><p>I want to choose among options to get the best offer.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Receiving offers from different providers is important.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>I need comparisons to know which is best.</p></list-item>
              <list-item><p>Dealing with one designated contact through the process would be great.</p></list-item>
            </list>
          </sec>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Purchase Decision</title>
          <list list-type="bullet">
            <list-item><p>I feel good about my decision to purchase from this provider.</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>I will recommend this provider to others.</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>I frequently purchase from this provider.</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>I intend to purchase again from this provider.</p></list-item>
            <list-item><p>Overall, I am satisfied with my purchase.</p></list-item>
          </list>
        </sec>
      </app>
    </app-group>
  </body>
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