Disentangling the Terminology of Organizational Commitment and Related Terms

Abdullah Al-Shahrani (1)
(1) College of Business and Economics – Qassim University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In light of the terminological confusion surrounding the Western term “Organizational Commitment” in Arabic literature, this study seeks to resolve the terminological entanglement between organizational commitment and related terms, with the aim of urging researchers to unify the terms that address the phenomenon of the individual-organization relationship in Arab business research in the field of organizational behavior.Based on theoretical evidence, the study concluded that it is appropriate to adopt the term “Organizational Commitment” when writing Arabic business research. This term is considered the most appropriate and accurate in describing the relationship between the employee and the organization, and it is also the closest in terms of linguistic and technical meaning to the original Western concept. This choice makes the term a more appropriate alternative to the term “Organizational Loyalty,” which has over time been replaced by the term “Organizational Commitment”. As for the term “Organizational Affiliation”, although it exists in the Arabic literature, its usage differs from its Western counterpart. Therefore, its Arabization and use in Arabic organizational behavior research may lead to confusion in meaning, and it is preferable to avoid it.The study also recommended the need to deepen qualitative administrative research in order to build theories and terminology that are compatible with our Arab context and not to be satisfied with translating Western cognitive output.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Abd al-Karim, Z., & Ahmed, B. (2018). The importance of measuring organizational commitment to predict loyalty in the economic enterprise. Al-Bashaer Economic Journal, 4(2), 388–406.

Abdullah, M. H. A. (2022). Determinants and effects of organizational loyalty: An analytical study. Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Arts, Damietta University, 11(4), 1–69.

Darwish, M. A. (2008). Organizational commitment theory. Aalam Al-Kutub. Cairo.

Ibn Manzur, J. al-D. M. b. M. (2005). Lisan al-Arab (4th ed., Vol. 15). Dar Sader. Beirut.

Masoud, G. (1992). Al-Ra'ed (7th ed.). Dar El Ilm Lilmalayin. Beirut.

Mustafa, I., et al. (1972). Al-Mu'jam al-Wasit (2nd ed.). Arabic Language Academy, General Administration of Academies and Heritage Revival, Islamic Library for Printing and Publishing.

Omar, A. M. (2008). Dictionary of contemporary Arabic language (Vol. 1). Aalam Al-Kutub. Cairo.

Zawatini, A., & Sali, I. (2022). Power practices between job commitment and organizational loyalty in work organizations. Ma'arif Journal, 17(1), 1003–1023. https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/192091

Albert, S. & Whetten, D. A. (1985). Organizational Identity. Research in Organizational Behavior, 7, 263-295.

Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1996). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of Construct Validity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 49 (3): 252-276.

Al-Obaid, R., & Almaweri, A. (2026). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Mental health «Applied to the Civil Service and Government Development Bureau in the State of Qatar». Arado Business Journal, 1(1), 43–70. https://doi.org/10.64190/abj.1.1.2026.5

Angle, H. L. & Lawson, M. B. (1993). Changes in Affective and Continuance Commitment in Times of Relocation. Journal of Business Research, 26 (1), 3-15. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/0148-2963(93)90039-R

Bar-Haim, Aviad. (2019). Organizational Commitment the Case of Unrewarded Behavior, World Scientific Publishing, London

Barling, J., Fullagar, C., Kelloway, E. (1992). The Union & Its Members A Psychological Approach. Oxford Univeristy Press, New York.

Becker, T. E. (1992). Foci and Bases of Commitment: Are they Distinctions Worth Making?. The Academy of Management Journal, 35, 232-244. Https://Doi.Org/10.5465/256481

Blau, G. J. (1985). The Measurement and Prediction of Career Commitment. Journal of Occupation and Organizational Psychology, 58 (4). 277-288. Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/J.2044-8325.1985.Tb00201.X

Campion, M. A. & Lord, R. G. (1982). A Control Systems Conceptualization of the Goal-setting and Changing Process. Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, 30 (2), 265-287. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/0030-5073(82)90221-5

Chauhan, R. S., Howe, D. C. & Nachmias, S. (2022). Organizational Commitment: An Ever-Shifting Concept Forever Changed by COVID-19. Human Resource Development International, 26 (2), 232-239. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13678868.2022.2047150

Darmawan, D. (2020). The Quality of Human Resources, Job Performance and Employee Loyalty. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 24, 2580-2592. Doi: 10.37200/IJPR/V24I3/PR201903

Dick, R., Becker, T. & Meyer J. (2006). Commitment and Identification: Forms, Foci, and Future. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27 (5). 545-548. DOI: 10.1002/Job.384

Fu, Y. (2013). High-Performance Human Resource Practices Moderate Flight Attendants’ Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Social Behavior and Personality, 41 (7), 1195-1208.

Gautam, T.; Dick, R. & Wagner, U. (2004). Organizational Identification and Organizational Commitment: Distinct Aspects of Two Related Concepts. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7, 301-315

Gordon, M., Philpot, J., Burt, R., Thompson, C. & Spiller, W. (1980). Commitment to the Union: Development of a Measure and an Examination of its Correlates. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65 (4), 479-499. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/0021-9010.65.4.479

Hall, S. & Du Gay, P. (Eds.). (1996). Questions of Cultural Identity. Sage Publications, Inc.

Hunter, M., Ashley, O., Taylor, C., Mcgrath, S., Palmer, M. & Nelson, L. (2023). Increasing Workforce Commitment and Loyalty in the 21st Century. Defense Personnel and Security Research Center. URL = Https://Apps.Dtic.Mil/Sti/Citations/Trecms/AD1192579

Ishitani, Lucila; Mol, Artur; Silva, Romulo & Rocha, Álvaro. (2017). Ethnography and Phenomenology Applied to Game Research, A Systematic Literature Review. 7.

Jo Hatch, M. & Schultz, M. (1997). “Relations between Organizational Culture, Identity and Image”. European Journal of Marketing, 31 (5/6) .356-365. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Eb060636

Kleinig, J. (2022). Loyalty. In E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2022 Ed.). Stanford University. Https://Plato.Stanford.Edu/Entries/Loyalty/

Knippenberg, D. & Sleebos, E. (2006). Organizational Identification Versus Organizational Commitment: Self-Definition, Social Exchange, and Job Attitudes. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 27, 571-584. Doi: 10.1002/Job.359

Locke, E. A., Latham, G. P. & Erez, M. (1988). The Determinants of Goal Commitment. The Academy of Management Review, 13 (1), 23-39. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/258352

Mathieu, J. E. & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A Review and Meta-analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of Organizational Commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108 (2), 171-194.

Meyer, J. P. & Allen, N. J. (1991). A Three Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1 (1), 61-89.

Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L. & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61 (1), 20-52.

Morgan, Robert & Hunt, Shelby. (1994). The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing. The Journal of Marketing, 58. 20-38. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/1252308.

Morrow, P. C. (1983) Concept Redundancy in Organizational Research the Use of Work Commitment. Academy of Management Review, 8 (3). 486-500 Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/257837

Morrow, P. C. (1993). The Theory & Measurement of Work Commitment. Greenwich: JAI Press.

Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W. & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-Organization Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover. New York: Academic Press.

Mullin, R. P. (2005). Josiah Royce’s Philosophy of Loyalty as the Basis for Democratic Ethics. In: Democracy and The Post-Totalitarian Experience, 183-192. Brill

Nassani, A. A., & Alotaibi, A. M. (2026). The Ripple Effects of Abusive Supervision: How LMX and Interpersonal Justice Shape Job Satisfaction and Turnover intentions in Saudi Organizations?. Arado Business Journal, 1(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.64190/abj.1.1.2026.1

O’Reilly, C. & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational Commitment and Psychological Attachment: The Effects of Compliance, Identification, and Internalization on Prosocial Behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71 (3), 492-499

Ravisi, D. & Van Rekom, J. (2003). Key Issues in Organizational Identity and Identification Theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 6, 118-132.

Saks, A. M. (2006) Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 21 (7), 600-19.

Weibo, Zheng & Garib Singh, Sharan & Jun, Wei. (2010). New Development of Organizational Commitment: A Critical Review (1960 - 2009). African Journal of Business Management. 4.

Authors

Abdullah Al-Shahrani
Disentangling the Terminology of Organizational Commitment and Related Terms. (2026). The Arab Journal of Administration, 46(2), 155-168. https://doi.org/10.21608/aja.2024.322517.1721

Article Details

How to Cite

Disentangling the Terminology of Organizational Commitment and Related Terms. (2026). The Arab Journal of Administration, 46(2), 155-168. https://doi.org/10.21608/aja.2024.322517.1721

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.